FIVE YEAR PLAN
INTRODUCTION
In 1950, planning commission was constituted
to help Government to plan out integrated development plan for the entire
country within the available resources for a defined period of five years for
its socioeconomic progress.
The constitution of India had has considered
health as human being’s right and an asset for overall socioeconomic developments.
The government of India and the planning commission give considerable
importance to health in five year plans.
The following are the general health objective
have been considered in the “FIVE YEAR PLANS” right from the beginning.
Control and eradication of various
communicable diseases, deficiency diseases and chronic diseases. Strengthening of medical and basic health
services by establishing District health units., primary health centers and sub
centers. Population control. Development of health man power resources and
research. Development of indigenous system of medicine. Improvement of environmental sanitation. Drug control.
These objectives different in each five year
plan depending upon the priority needs of people, technical considerations and
resources available. The five year plan approach resulted in extensive and continuous
progresses in the field of public health and also to quite an extent in nursing.
These are –
THE
FIRST FIVE YEAR PLAN (1951-1956)
The first five year plan India
(1951-1956) had been presented by the then Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru in
the Indian Parliament on 8th December, 1951.
THE AIMS-
The aim of the first five year plan was to
fight against diseases, malnutrition and unhealthy environment and to build up healthy
services for rural population and for mother and children in order to improve
general health status of people.
THE PRIORITIES-
The areas in
order of priorities included:
· Safe water supply and sanitation.
· Control of malaria.
· Health care of rural population.
· Education and training and health education.
· Self sufficiency in drugs and equipments.
· Family planning and population control.
THE HEALTH
OUTLAY:
A sum
of Rs.140 crores was allotted for health programme during the first five year
plan which was 5.9 present of the total outlay (Rs.2356 crores)for the entire
development plan.
THE MAJOR
DEVELOPMENT:
The
major developments which took place to meet the identified priority areas and
objectives are presented below according to year wise-
THE YEAR
1951-
Ø The B.C.G. vaccination programme to prevent
and control tuberculosis was launched.
THE YEAR
1952-
Ø A pilot project of community development
programme was launched in 55 project areas on 2nd October the
birthday of Mahatma Gandhi to get rid of three ills from the society namely poverty,
ill health and ignorance through overall development of the rural areas. The
programme was based on the philosophy of self help and working together. The
provision of medical and public health services were the part of this
programme.
Ø The central council of health was constituted.
Ø Primary health centers were set up to render
health services in rural areas.
Ø Auxiliary nurse midwife ANM training was
started to train ANM to function in a network of sub centre and primary health
centre in the rural areas and provide comprehensive maternal child health and
family welfare services under the direct supervision of lady health
visitors/public health nurses at the block level.
THE YEAR
1953-
Ø The community development program was extended
to national level on 2nd October and was called as community
development and national extension service programme.
Ø The national malaria control program was
launched.
Ø The national family planning program was
launched.
Ø A committee was set up to draft a model public
health act for the country.
THE YEAR
1954-
Ø The contributory central government health
scheme was started at Delhi.
Ø The central social welfare board was set up.
Ø The national leprosy control programme was
launched.
Ø The national Water supply and sanitation
programme was launched.
Ø The prevention of food adulteration act was
enacted.
Ø VDRL antigen production center was set up at
Kolkata.
Ø Shetty committee was constituted by the government
of India on 19th may 1954 to survey the existing facilities for
nursing services and emoluments available to nurses, to assess minimum
requirement of nurses in the country and to make recommendation to overcome
shortage or nurses and improve service conditions and emoluments. The finding
of the committee revealed a grim picture with regard to working conditions,
emoluments status of nursing education and nursing services in the hospital and
the community.
Ø Create a post of nursing superintendent in
each state and to combine hospital nursing services and public health nursing
service into one service.
Ø Integrate public health nursing in basic
general nursing and midwifery courses.
Ø Have 1 nurse for 3 patient in hospital with school
of nursing,1 nurse for 5 patient in non teaching hospital, 1 midwife for 100
births in rural areas,1 mid wife for 150 birth in towns and cities, 1 public
health nurse or health visitor for 10,000 population.
Ø Improve condition of training of nurses like
proper accommodation, proper facilities for proper work, qualified tutor and
ward sisters, proper health care of students, shorter working hours.
Ø The committee also made recommendation for
admission criteria, compulsory hostel stay for students and two years of
service bond.
Ø The committee made various recommendations in
general to improve nursing care and nursing service condition of nurse.
THE YEAR
1955-
Ø The national filarial control programme was
launched.
Ø A filarial training center was set up at Ernakulum
Kerala.
Ø The central leprosy teaching and Research
institute was started at Chingelput, Madras
Ø National TB sample survey was started.
Ø The minimum marriage age of 18year for boys
and 15 year girl was prescribed by the Hindu marriage act.
Ø With all these development, health and medical
facilities have improved. Health services were rendered to rural population from
the primary health centers the standard of these centers varied from state to
state and even within a state.
THE
SECOND FIVE YEAR PLAN (1956-1961)
THE AIM-
The aim of second five year plan was to expand
existing health services to bring them within the reach of all people so as to
promote progressive improvement of nation’s health.
THE
PRIORITIES-
The
priorities of the second five year plan were-
· Establishment of institutional facilities for
rural as well as for urban population.
· Development of technical man power.
· Control of communicable diseases.
· Water supply and sanitation.
· Family planning and other supporting
programmes.
THE HEALTH
OUTLAY:
An outlay of Rs.225 crores was allocated for
the second five year plan.
THE MAJOR
DEVELOPMENTS:
THE YEAR
1956:
Ø Draft model public health act was prepared by
the committee and published.
Ø Director, family planning was appointed at the
centre.
Ø The demographic training and research centre
was established in Mumbai.
Ø The central education bureau was set up at the
centre.
Ø The immoral traffic act was enacted.
Ø The tuberculosis chemotherapy centre was set
up at madras.
THE YEAR
1957:
Ø The demographic research centre was
established in Delhi, Kolkata madras.
THE YEAR
1958:
Ø The national malaria control program was
converted into national eradication programme.
Ø The national tuberculosis survey was
completed.
Ø The leprosy advisory committee of the
government of India was launched.
THE YEAR
1959:
Ø The mudaliar committee was set up by the
government of India.
Ø Panchyat raj was introduced In Rajasthan.
Ø The national institute of tuberculosis was established
at Bangalore.
Ø The nutrition research laboratory at coonoor
was shifted to Hyderabad.
THE YEAR
1960:
Ø Pilot project of small pox eradication were
started.
Ø The national nutrition advisory committee was
formed to render advice on nutrition policies.
Ø The school health committee was appointed by
the union ministry of health to assess the existing health and nutrition status
of the school children and recommend measure to improve them.
THE
THIRD FIVE YEAR PLAN(1961-1966)
AIM-
The main aim of the third five year plan was
to remove the shortages and deficiencies which were observed at the end of
second five year plan in the field of health. These were the pertaining to
institutional facilities especially in rural area, shortage of trained
personnel and supplies, lack of safe drinking water in rural area and
inadequate drainage system.
THE
PRIORITIES:
· Safe water supply in village and sanitation
especially the drainage programmer in the urban area.
· Expansion of institutional facilities to
promote accessibility especially in the rural area.
· Eradication of malaria and small pox and
control of various other communicable diseases.
· Family planning and other supporting services
for improving health status of people.
· Development of man power.
HEALTH
OUTLAY:
An out lay of Rs.342 crore was allotted for
the third five year plan.
THE YEAR
1961:
Ø The central bureau of health intelligence was
established.
Ø The Mudaliar committee report submitted and
published. The committee reported a
significant development and progress made in all area of health in terms of
infrastructure, man power, institutional facilities and qualities and quality
of services etc.
Ø The committee observed decline in crude death
rate to 21.6 in 1961 from 27.4 in 1941-1951 and from 31.2 in 1931-1941.the
infant mortality rate was found to be 135 per 1000 life birth.
Ø In general the committee emphasized on the
need for the housing adequate and wholesome food, supply of safe drinking water,
proper disposal of sewage ,prevention of crowding, clearance of slum, Supply of
safe milk, the development of conscience for sanitation in community and hygienic
conditions in school for promotion of health of people.
THE YEAR
1962-
Ø The national small pox eradication programme
and national goiter control programme were launched.
Ø The school health programme was started.
Ø The district tuberculosis programme was
conceptualized.
THE YEAR
1963:
Ø The applied nutritional programme was started
by the government of India.
Ø The national trachoma control programme was
initiated.
Ø Extended family planning programme was introduced,
the emphasis in this programme shifted from clinical approach to extended
approach.
THE YEAR
1964:
Ø The national institute of health
administration and education was established in collaboration with food
foundation.
THE YEAR
1965-
Ø Lippes loop was recommended as a safe and
effective method of family planning.
Ø Reinforced extended family planning programme was
launched.
Ø B.C.G. vaccination without tuberculin test was
introduced.
THE YEAR
1966:
Ø A separate department of family planning was
set up in the union ministry of health to co ordinate family planning programme
at the centre and states.
THE YEAR
1967:
Ø A committee was set up on the small family
norm to recommend suitable incentives for those accepting small family norm and
practicing family planning.
Ø The central council of health recommended
compulsory payment by patient attending hospitals.
THE YEAR
1968:
Ø A medical education committee was appointed to
study the various aspects of medical education within the framework of national
needs and resources.
THE FOURTH FIVE YEAR PLAN (1969-1974)
The fourth five year plan did not start soon
after the third five year plan due to same political reasons. It started in
1969.
AIM:
The main aim of this plan was to strengthen
primary health centre network in the rural areas for undertaking preventive,
curative and family planning services and to take over the maintenance phase of
communicable diseases.
PRIORITIES:
· Family planning programme.
· Strengthening of primary health centers.
· Strengthening of sub divisional and district
hospital to provide effective referral support to PHC.
· Intensification of control programme.
· Expansion of medical and nursing education
training of Para medical personnel to meet the minimum technical manpower
requirement.
THE HEALTH
OUTLAY:
Of the total outlay of Rs.16, 774 crores on
the entire development plan
THE YEAR
1969:
Ø The nutritional research laboratory was
expanded to national institute of nutrition.
Ø Comprehensive legislation for control of river
water pollution from domestic and industrial waste was drafted.
Ø The central birth and death registration act
was promulgated.
THE YEAR
1970:
Ø The population council of India was set up.
Ø All India hospital family planning programme
was launched.
Ø Registration act of birth and death came into
force.
Ø Mobile training cum service units’ scheme was
launched.
Ø The drug Order was promulgated.
THE YEAR
1971:
Ø The family pension scheme (FPS) for industrial
worker was introduced.
Ø The medical termination of pregnancy Bill was
passed by the Parliament.
Ø A committee was set up to draft legislation on
air pollution.
THE YEAR
1972:
Ø The MTP act was implemented.
Ø The national nutrition monitoring Bureau was
set up by ICMR at the National Institute of Nutrition at Hyderabad.
Ø The national service Bill to compel medical personnel
below 30 year to work in the villages was passed.
THE YEAR
1973:
Ø The national programme of minimum need program
was formulated.
Ø A scheme of setting 30 bedded rural hospitals
serving four primary health centers was conceptualized.
Ø The Kartar Singh committee submitted its report:
§ To have multipurpose health worker both male
and female for providing integrated basic health services.
§ To start with, worker from only four
programmes that is Malaria, Small pox, trachoma and maternal and child health
and family planning to be included in the multipurpose concept.
§ To designate these members as health workers both
male and female, the later would be the existing ANM.
§ To have two such workers one male and one
female in a sub center.
§ To have one health supervisor male for four
health workers (male) and one supervisor
female for four health workers female.
§ To have one PHC for 50,000 populations, and to
have 16 sub centers under one PHC.
THE FIFTH FIVE YEAR PLAN (1974-79):
THE AIM:
The main aim of
the fifth five year plan was to provide minimal level of well integrated health,
MCH & FP, nutrition and immunization services to all the people with
special references to vulnerable groups specially children, pregnant women and
nursing mothers through a network of infrastructure in all the blocks and well
structured referral system.
THE PRIORITIES:
It is based on
the minimum need programme and were as under:
· Increasing accessibility of health services in
rural areas.
· Correcting regional imbalance.
· Integration of family planning, health and
nutrition.
· Intensification of the control and eradication
of communicable diseases especially Malaria and Small pox.
· Qualitative improvement in the education and
training of health personnel.
THE HEALTH
OUT LAY:
The total outlay for the overall development
plan was Rs.37, 382 crores out of which a sum of Rs.682 crores was allocated
for health program.
THE YEAR
1974:
Ø Revised strategy for malaria control was
suggested.
Ø The year 1974 was declared as World Population
year by the United Nation.
Ø The water (prevention and control of pollution)
act 1974 was enacted by the Parliament.
Ø “A group of medical education and support
manpower” popularly known as Shrivastava
Committee was set
up in November 1974.
THE YEAR
1975:
Ø India became small pox free on 5th
July 1975.
Ø The revised strategy of National Malaria
Eradication Programme was accepted by the Government.
Ø Integrated child development Scheme was
launched on 3rd October 1975.
Ø Children’s welfare board was setup.
Ø The ESI act was amended.
Ø The cigarette regulation act 1975 was enacted
by the parliament.
Ø A group
of medical education and support manpower” popularly known as Shrivastava
committee submitted their report .The committee recommended for alternative strategy
of health services suitable for Indian
situation and suggested the criteria for the same which were as under:
§ Integrated, preventive, promotive and curative
health care services originating from within the community and reaching higher
level.
§ Universal coverage and equal accessibility of
health care services within the recourses.
§ Full utilization of Para professional from
within the country.
§ Developing indigenous system of medicine.
§ Health education of all to prepare every one
to take care of oneself.
THE YEAR 1976:
Ø Indian factory act of 1948 was amended.
Ø The prevention of food adulteration act 1975
came into force .
Ø A new population policy was announced by the
government.
THE YEAR
1977:
Ø Rural health scheme was launched on the basis
of Kartar Singh and Shrivastava committee report.
Ø The training of community health worker was
initiated.
Ø Revised modified plan of Malaria Eradication
was implemented.
THE YEAR
1978:
Ø The child marriage restraint Bill 1978 fixing
the minimum marriage age that is 21 year for boys and 18 year for girl was
passed.
Ø Alma Ata declared “Primary Health Care Strategy”
to achieve the goal of “Health for all” by the year 2000.
Ø Extended programme of immunization was
started.
THE YEAR
1979:
Ø The declaration of Alma Ata on primary health strategy
was endorsed by W H O.
THE
SIXTH FIVE YEAR PLAN (1980-1985)
THE AIM-
The main aim of the sixth five year plan was
to work out alternative strategy and plan of action for primary health care as
part of national health system, which is accessible to all sections of society and
especially those living in tribal ,hilly , remote rural area and urban slums.
THE
PRIORITIES:
The priorities of the sixth five year plan
were listed as:
· Rural health services.
· Control of communicable and other diseases.
· Development of rural and urban hospitals and
dispensaries.
· Improvement in medical education training.
· Medical research.
· Drug control and prevention of food adulteration.
· Population control and family welfare
including MCH.
· Water supply and sanitation.
· Nutrition.
THE HEALTH
OUTLAY:
The overall layout for the sixth five year
plan was Rs.97, 500 Crores.
THE YEAR
1980:
Ø W H O declared eradication of small pox from the
world.
Ø The working group on health was constituted by
the planning commission.
THE YEAR
1981:
Ø The 1981 census was undertaken.
Ø The primary health care strategy for health
for all was evolved by WHO and adopted
by the member country of WHO.
Ø India committed itself to the goal of
providing safe drinking water and adequate sanitation for all, by 1990, under
the international drinking and water supply and sanitation Decade1981-1990.
Ø The air prevention and control of pollution
act of 1981 was enacted.
THE YEAR
1982:
Ø The National health policy was announced and
placed in the parliament.
THE YEAR
1983:
Ø National leprosy control programme was changed
to national leprosy eradication programme.
Ø National health policy was approved by the
parliament.
Ø National guinea worm eradication programme was
started.
Ø A national plan of action against avoidable
disablement was started.
Ø Medical education review committee submitted
its report.
THE YEAR
1984:
Ø Bhopal gas tragedy, a devastating industrial
accident occurred.
Ø The ESI Bill 1984 was passed by the
Parliament.
Ø The workmen’s compensation act 1984 came into
force.
THE
SEVENTH FIVE YEAR PLAN (1985-1990)
THE AIM:
The aim for the seventh five year plan was to
plan and provide primary health care and medical services to all with special
consideration of vulnerable group and those who are living in tribal, hilly and
remote areas so as to achieve the goal of health for all by 2000 A.D. The plan emphasis
on community participation, intersectorial co ordination and co-operation.
THE
PRIORITIES:
· Health services in rural, tribal and hilly
areas under minimum needed programme.
· Medical education and training.
· Control of emerging health problem especially
in the area of non communicable diseases.
· MCH and Family welfare.
· Medical research.
· Safe water supply and sanitation.
· Standardization, integration and application
of Indian system of medicine.
HEALTH
OUTLAY:
The total amount of funds which were allocated
to the development plan was Rs.180, 000 crores.
THE YEAR
1985:
Ø The universal immunization programme was
launched on 19th of November.
Ø The leprosy act 1898 was repeated by the
parliament.
Ø A separate department of women and child
development was established by the ministry of human resource development.
THE YEAR
1986:
Ø The environment protection 1986 was
promulgated.
Ø The 20 point programme was modified.
Ø Parliament passed mental health bill.
Ø Juvenile justice act started working.
Ø National AIDS control programme was started.
THE YEAR
1987:
Ø Worldwide safe motherhood campaign was started
by World Bank.
Ø New 20 point programme was launched.
Ø The factories act 1987 started working.
Ø National diabetes control programme was
launched.
Ø A high power committee on nursing and nursing
profession was set up by the government of India. The object of the committee
were to review the role, functions, status,
preparation of nursing personnel; nursing services and other issues
related to the development of the profession and to make suitable
recommendations to the government.
THE YEAR
1988- 1991:
Ø The ESI Act 1989 came into force.
Ø Acute respiratory infection programme was
started as a pilot project in 14 districts in 1990.
Ø The 1991 census was conducted.
Ø The high power committee on nursing and
nursing profession published its report in 1989.the finding of the committee
gave a very gloomy picture of the service conditions of nurses, staffing norms
in the hospital and community settings, education of nursing personnel to meet
the manpower needs at various levels and the role of nursing in health care
delivery system.
THE
EIGHT FIVE YEAR PLAN (1992-1997)
THE AIM:-
The main of the plan was to continue reorganization
and strengthening of health infrastructure and medical services accessible to
all especially to vulnerable groups and those living in tribal, remote rural
areas etc.
THE
PRIORITIES:
The priority areas for eight five year plan
were-
· Developing rural health infrastructure.
· Medical education and training.
· Control of communicable diseases.
· Strengthening of health services.
· Medical research.
· Universal immunization.
· MCH and Family Welfare.
· Safe water supply and sanitation.
THE HEALTH
OUTLAY:
The overall amount of funds which was
allocated to development plan was Rs/-79800 crores.
MAJOR
DEVELOPMENT
THE
YEAR 1992:
Ø Child survival and safe motherhood programme
was started on 20th august.
Ø The infant milk substitute, feeding bottles
and infant foods act 1952 came into operation.
THE YEAR
1993:
Ø A revised strategy for National Tuberculosis
Programme with DOTS- a community based TB treatment and care strategy was
introduced as a pilot project in phased manner.
THE YEAR
1994:
Ø The Panchyat raj act came into operation.
Ø Outbreak of plague epidemic.
Ø The first pulse polio immunization programme
for children under 3 years was organized on 2nd October and 4th
December by Delhi government.
Ø Post basic three year B.Sc nursing programme
was launched through distance education by Indira Gandhi open university.
THE YEAR
1995:
Ø Integrated child development scheme was
changed to integrated mother and child development programme.
Ø Transplantation of human organ act was
enacted.
Ø Expert committee on Malaria submitted its
report.
THE YEAR
1996:
Ø National wide pulse polio immunization was
conducted on 9th December 1995 and 20th January 1996
which was repeated on 7th December 1996 and 18th January
1997.
Ø Family planning programme was made target free
from 1st April.
Ø Prenatal diagnostic technique act 1994 came
into force from January.
THE
NINTHE FIVE YEAR PALN (1997-2002)
THE AIM:-
The main aim is to attain objectives like
speedy industrialization, human development, full-scale employment, poverty
reduction and self-reliance on domestic resources.
Objectives
The main
objectives of the Ninth Five Year Plan
India are:
- To
prioritize agricultural sector and emphasize on the rural development
- To generate
adequate employment opportunities and promote poverty reduction
- To stabilize
the prices in order to accelerate the growth rate of the economy
- To ensure
food and nutritional security
- To provide
for the basic infrastructural facilities like education for all, safe
drinking water, primary health care, transport, energy
- To check the
growing population increase
- To encourage
social issues like women empowerment, conservation of certain benefits for
the Special Groups of the society.
- To create a
liberal market for increase in private investments.
THE APPROACH DURING NINTH FIVE YAER
PLAN:
Ø Providing efficient primary health
care system as part of basic services to improve accessibility and quality
services.
Ø Strengthening of existing
infrastructure at primary, secondary and tertiary care settings and improvement
of referral linkage.
Ø Development of human resources for
health. Meeting the increasing demand for trained nurses in specialized areas.
Ø Strengthening of MCH and family
welfare programme.
Ø Strengthening of existing programs for
control of communicable diseases and horizontal integration of ongoing vertical
programmes at the district and below district level.
Ø Develop and implement integrated non
communicable diseases prevention and control programme.
Ø Screening for common nutrition
deficiencies especially in vulnerable groups and render remedial services.
Ø Strengthening of environmental health
programme for better management of health consequences.
Ø Strengthening of occupational and
industrial health programme.
Ø Disaster and emergency management at
all levels of health care.
Ø Strengthening of food and drug safety
programme.
Ø Increasing the involvement of
practitioners from indigenous system of medicine in meeting health care needs of people.
Ø Strengthening of basic, clinical and
health system research.
Ø Increasing the involvement of
voluntary, private organizations and self help groups in the provision of
health care.
Ø Intersector co-ordination in
implementation of health programmes.
TENTH FIVE YEAR PLAN (2002-2006)
THE AIM
This highlighted the need for
reduction of poverty ratio, increase in literacy rate, reduction in IMR,
economic growth, increase in forest & tree cover etc.
THE PRIORTIES
· Reduction
of poverty ratio by 5% points by 2007 & 15% points by 2012.
· All
children in school by 2003, all children to complete 5 years of schooling by
2007.
· Reduction
in gender gaps in literacy & wages rates by at least 50% by 2007.
· Reduction
of MMR to 2 per 1000 live births by 2007 & to 1 by 2012.
· Reduction
of IMR to 45 per 1000 live births by 2007 to 1 by 2012.
· All
villages to have sustained access to potable drinking water within the plan
period.
· Cleaning
of all major polluted rivers by 2007.
CHIEF OBJECTIVES OF THE 10TH FIVE YEAR PLAN:
Ø The Tenth Five Year Plan proposes
schooling to be compulsory for children, by the year 2003.
Ø The mortality rate of children
must be reduced to 45 per 1000 livings births and 28 per 1000 livings births by
2007 and 2012 respectively
Ø All main rivers should be cleaned
up between 2007 and 2012
Ø Reducing the poverty ratio by at
least five percentage points, by 2007
Ø Making provision for useful and
lucrative employments to the population, which are of the best qualities
Ø According to the Plan, it is
mandatory that all infants complete at least five years in schools by 2007.
Ø By 2007, there should be a
decrease in gender discriminations in the spheres of wage rate and literacy, by
a minimum of 50%
Ø Taking up of extensive a
forestation measures, by planting more
trees and enhance the forest and tree areas to 25% by 2007 and 33% by 2012
Ø Ensuring persistent availability
of pure drinking water in the rural areas of India, even in the remote parts
Ø The alarming rate at which the
Indian population is growing must be checked and fixed to 16.2%, between a time
frame of 2001 and 2011
Ø The rate of literacy must be
increased by at least 75%, within the tenure of the Tenth Five Year Plan
Ø There should be a decrease in the
Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) to 2 per 1000 live births by 2007. The Plan also
intended to bring down the Maternal Mortality Ratio to 1 per 1000 live birth by
the year 2012.
ELEVENTH PLAN (2007-2012)
GOALS
Ø Reducing
MMR to 1/1000 live births.
Ø Reducing
IMR to 28/1000.
Ø Reducing
TFR to 2.1
Ø Providing
clean drinking water for all by 2009 & ensuring no slip backs.
Ø Reducing
malnutrition among children of age group 0-3 to half its present level.
Ø Reducing
anemia in girls & women by 50%.
Ø Increasing the sex ratio for age group 0-6 to
935 by 2011-2012 & 950 by 2016-2017.
THE ELEVENTH PLAN HAS THE FOLLOWING
OBJECTIVES:- Income &
Poverty
- Accelerate GDP growth
from 8% to 10% and then maintain at 10% in the 12th Plan in order to
double per capita income by 2016-17
- Increase agricultural GDP growth rate to 4% per year to
ensure a broader spread of benefits
- Create 70 million new work opportunities.
- Reduce educated unemployment to below 5%.
- Raise real wage rate of unskilled workers by 20 percent.
- Reduce the headcount ratio of consumption poverty by 10
percentage points.
- Education
- Reduce dropout rates of children from elementary school from
52.2% in 2003-04 to 20% by 2011-12
- Develop minimum standards of educational attainment in
elementary school, and by regular testing monitor effectiveness of
education to ensure quality
- Increase literacy
rate for persons of age 7 years or above to
85%
- Lower gender gap in literacy to 10 percentage points
- Increase the percentage of each cohort going to higher
education from the present 10% to 15% by the end of the plan
- Health
- Reduce infant mortality rate to 28 and maternal
mortality ratio to 1 per 1000 live births
- Reduce Total Fertility Rate to 2.1
- Provide clean drinking water for all by 2009 and ensure that
there are no slip-backs
- Reduce malnutrition among children of age group 0-3 to half its present level
- Reduce anemia among
women and girls by 50% by the end of the plan
- Women and
Children
- Raise the sex ratio for age group 0-6 to 935 by 2011-12 and
to 950 by 2016-17
- Ensure that at least 33 percent of the direct and indirect
beneficiaries of all government schemes are women and girl children
- Ensure that all children enjoy a safe childhood, without any
compulsion to work
- Infrastructure
- Ensure electricity connection to all villages and BPL households by 2009 and round-the-clock power.
- Ensure all-weather road connection to all habitation with
population 1000 and above (500 in hilly and tribal areas) by 2009, and
ensure coverage of all significant habitation by 2015
- Connect every village by telephone by November 2007 and
provide broadband connectivity to all villages by 2012
- Provide homestead sites to all by 2012 and step up the pace
of house construction for rural poor to cover all the poor by 2016-17
- Environment
- Increase forest and tree cover by 5 percentage points.
- Attain WHO standards
of air quality in all major cities by 2011-12.
- Treat all urban waste water by 2011-12 to clean river
waters.
- Increase energy efficiency by 20 percentage points by
2016-17.
CONCLUSION
The
achievements during the past 55 years of planned development are given below
Si no
|
Demographic changes
|
1st plan 1951-56
|
10th plan 2002-07
|
1.
|
Primary health centers
|
725
|
2, 29, 367
|
2.
|
Sub centers
|
NA
|
1, 38, 368
|
3.
|
Community health centers
|
NA
|
3076
|
4.
|
Total beds
|
1, 25,000
|
9, 08, 168(2001)
|
5.
|
Medical colleges
|
42
|
222
|
6.
|
Dental college
|
7
|
142
|
7.
|
Nurses
|
18, 500
|
8, 39, 862
|
8.
|
ANM
|
12, 750
|
5, 02, 503
|
9.
|
Health visitors
|
578
|
40, 536
|
The five year plans were conceived to re-built
rural India, to lay the foundation of industrial progress and to secure the
balanced development of all part of the country. Recognize health as an
important contributory factor in the utilization of manpower and the uplifting
of the economic condition of the country.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Gulani,k.k.(2008). Community health nursing
principles and practices. Ed 1st. New Delhi: kumar publishing house;
pp 64-80.
2. Park ,k. (2005). Park’s text book of
preventive and social medicine. Ed 18th . Jabalpur; M/S Banarsidas Bhanot;
pp 673-675.
3.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Five-year_plans_of_India
4. http://www.economywatch.com/five-year-plans/
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